Finance Q A Essay - 975 Words

1. Explain why market prices are useful to the financial manager. The financial manager is responsible for giving financial advice and support to clients and colleagues that will enable them to make good business decisions. Particular work environments differ considerable and involve both public and private sector organizations such as retailers, corporations, financial institutions, charities, and even small manufacturing companies and schools (Financial Manager, 2011). Primarily, financial managers look at the market price in maximizing the value of the firm. The market value is the present value of the net cash flow divided buy the risk. Investors consider the firm’s future and present earnings, disadvantages or risks and other†¦show more content†¦This gives the researcher or planner a set of values that is useful enough in determining the feasibility of a project from an economic point of view. Generally, it is simple and the results are easy to comprehend. Costs are associated with the company that is commonly much easier to measure and defined compared to benefits. This involves the operating and investment costs. Operating costs involves the materials needed to maintain an operation whilst the investment costs are incurred in planning and design such as the materials, labor, and construction costs. Benefits are, on the other hand, difficult to measure specifically for transport projects. These are diffused and extensive (Slack and Rodrigue, 2011). The relationship of net present value does not reside particularly on the cost-benefit per se rather it is viewed as part of the valuation principle. Net Present Value (NPV) is the difference concerning the present value of the project or the benefits of the investment compared to the present cost values. When the NPV positive for a project or investment opportunity, this means that the project can be implemented. It only means that the firm’s value and the wealth of the investors are in creased. In contrast, negative NPV of the investments and projects would mean losing the money of the company if ever the project was implemented. This is in accordance with the NPV decision rule. In investment alternatives, the highest NPV investment alternative should beShow MoreRelatedBalance Sheet and Income Statement Commentary Essay1488 Words   |  6 Pagesover 10,000 full-time employees. Eastman does the manufactures and sales chemicals, plastics, and fibers within the United States as well as around the world. The company was founded in 1920, and the headquarters are in Kingsport, Tennessee (Yahoo Finance, 2012). Eastman’s balance sheet and income statement is a comparison of the years 2011 and 2010, which shows the company profitable and stable. The company’s total assets increased by 3.31% and include cash, short-term investment as well as inventoryRead MoreFinance1352 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER 1 NATURE OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Q.1. A.1. Q.2. A.2. Q.3. A.3. Q.4. A.4. Define the scope of financial management. What role should the financial manager play in a modern enterprise? The scope of the financial management is to secure the capital needed by the enterprise, and employ it in production and marketing activities, in such a way that it can generate the sufficient returns on invested capital, with an intention to maximise the wealth of the owners. The financialRead MoreInformational Interview1234 Words   |  5 PagesDirector for Business and Finance here at the University of Miami. After initially getting in contact with Ms. Reynolds a few weeks ago, I was finally able to meet with her briefly and conduct my interview on November 30, 2010, in room 261 in the Hecht Athletics Center. Just to give a bit of background information about Ms. Reynolds, she is from Elmira, New York and now currently resides in Coral Gables, Florida. She graduated from the University of Miami with a major in Finance and started her careerRead MoreZeus Asset Management1377 Words   |  6 Pagesreturn: 1.†¯ Time-weighted returns 2.†¯ Dollar-weighted returns  §Ã¯â€š §Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Returns must be adjusted for risk. AFF5300 Case Studies in Finance 4 Dollar- and Time-Weighted Returns Time-weighted returns  §Ã¯â€š §Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ The geometric average is a time-weighted average.  §Ã¯â€š §Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Each period’s return has equal weight. (1 + rG ) = (1 + r1 )(1 + r2 )...(1 + rn ) AFF5300 Case Studies in Finance 5 n Dollar- and Time-Weighted Returns Dollar-weighted returns  §Ã¯â€š §Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ Internal rate of return considering the cash flow fromRead MoreDisney Cost of Capital1059 Words   |  5 PagesFINAN 6121 – Corporate Finance Cost of Capital – The Walt Disney Company Team Titans B (Doug Horne, Shaun Hoggan, James Thackeray, Jeff Burg) The purpose of this project is to determine the weighted-average cost of capital (WACC) for The Walt Disney Company. According to The Walt Disney Company’s Form 10-K filing for the fiscal year ended September 29, 2012, â€Å"The Walt Disney Company, together with its subsidiaries, is a diversified worldwide entertainment company with operations in five businessRead MoreWhat Is M An Easing The Transaction Process826 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate finance and MA – easing the transaction process A virtual data room is an online storage space for key documents. The data room is extremely useful in areas of corporate finance – the transactions are time-critical and involve large volumes of confidential data. For the transactions to be secure and successful, Drooms NXG is a leading VDR provider to help businesses take control of the MA process. Corporate finance transactions can be time-consuming. Both the selling and buying sidesRead MoreEssay on Healthcare Finance1236 Words   |  5 PagesHEALTHCARE FINANCE Student name Healthcare Finance course code April 28, 2011 Healthcare Finance Problem 5.1 Break-even analysis helps to plan and control business by showing break-even point, net profit and net loss areas. As it is mentioned in the graph below, on the break-even point cost is equal to revenue which means there is neither loss nor profit at the intersection of sales line and cost line (Frongello). a) As two graphs are provided in the question; the horizontalRead MoreJacobs1146 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinitely would. Jacobs stock seems stable, and according to Yahoo! Finance, it has not recently underperformed and looks to continue to grow.15 Bibliography â€Å"Health, Safety, and Environment.† Jacobs. 2011. 04 Dec 2011. http://www.jacobs.com/about.aspx?id=594 â€Å"Investor Relations.† Jacobs. 2011. 04 Dec 2011. http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=117895amp;p=irol-IRHome â€Å"Jacobs Announces Acquisition of KlingStubbins.† Yahoo Finance. PR Newswire. 01 Nov 2011. http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Jacobs-Announces-Acquisition-prnews-2752130398Read MoreWalmartvsBoeing 2829 Words   |  4 Pagesbefore it is sold out. 3) Receivable turnover = Sales / Accounts Receivable Walmart Boeing Sales 476,294,000 86,623,000 Accounts Receivable 6,677,000 6,904,000 Receivable turnover 71.33 12.55 As described in the textbook, Essentials of Corporate Finance, in chapter 3 (pp 61), the receivables turnover is defined in the same way as inventory turnover. The receivable turnover is found by dividing the Sales by the Accounts receivable. Walmart is 71.33 times more effective at extending credits and collectingRead MoreCalculation of Financial Ratios for Google1550 Words   |  7 Pages2007 (millions) NET INCOME $ 99.66 $ 105.65 $ 399.12 $ 1,465.40 $ 3,077.45 $ 4,203.72 EQUITY $ 187.82 $ 602.64 $ 2,929.06 $ 9,418.96 $ 17,039.84 $ 22,689.68 ROE 53% 17.5% 13.6% 15.5% 18.1% 18.5% Data Source: http://finance.google.com/finance?fstype=iiq=NASDAQ:GOOG / http://investor.google.com/fin_dataXXXX.html (Where XXXX = Year i.e 2003; 2004 etc. The data is available from 2003 onwards) Balance Sheet Income Statement. For the Financial Statement file attached with the assignment, click

Industrial society Essay - 1277 Words

Industrial society ‘The Fordist system led to both labour market and production inflexibility, which prevented organizations from competing in increasingly fluid markets’. Discuss the economic and workplace policies which were proposed under the broad title of ‘flexibilisation’, providing relevant examples. Between 1908 and 1929, Henry ford clearly established the linkages between division of labour and mass markets. His methods of mass production came under the title of ‘Fordism’. According to Meyer (1981) Fordism 1908-1913 had four basic principles; standardised product design, extensive use of new machine tool technology, flow line production and the implementation of Taylorism in relation†¦show more content†¦Fordism however, did produce inflexibility in production. Ford’s assembly line production system did not allow for change in the design of products. To change a product, new machine parts had to be introduced, and this took a vast amount of worker skill and time. Porter in 1917 refers to a case where the Ford engineers changed the appearance of the hood and fenders of the ‘Model T’. Porter goes on to record that ‘ the first month saw production curtailed by 50% and it was nearly three months before the entire organisation could be geared up for the stipulated work’ (Porter 1917). Porter therefore points out that even simple changes in the design of a product could halt the production line for many months at a time. It would then perhaps require the replacement of tooling, and the rediscovery from managers and workers of the most productive way to produce the new improved products. Fordist production also provided large advancements in machinery. At the end of the nineteenth century most machines were still only general purpose, and relied on the skill of the operator. But with the emergence of the automotive industry new machines were developed. New design features included the machines being semiautomatic with special controls to change or reverse speeds. There was also advancement in being able toShow MoreRelatedComparison of Industrial and Foraging Societies703 Words   |  3 PagesI normally consider myself to be a person who appreciates simplicity, so my initial reaction to this question was that I would prefer a foraging society to an industrial society. By the time I had finished thinking it through, however, I was less certain of my preference. Four advantages of a foraging society that I find particularly compelling (in addition to â€Å"simplicity,† to whatever extent that assumption is true) relate to human health, population control, eg alitarianism, and sustainabilityRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution and Society681 Words   |  3 PagesIndustrial Revolution While some might argue that Industrialization had primarily positive consequences for society because there were tons of jobs available, it was actually a negative thing for society. Industrialization’s negative effects were horrible working conditions, overpopulated cities, and factories where polluting the air. Even if there were a couple positive things that happened it was still a negative effect overall. People working during this time period had it rough. They had toRead MoreHas Canada Become a Post Industrial Society692 Words   |  3 PagesSociology 321 Zahra Nazir Has Canada become a post-industrial society? * What does â€Å"post-industrialism† mean and what are the main characteristics of â€Å"industrial† and â€Å"postindustrial† societies? * Using the concepts of â€Å"industrial† and â€Å"postindustrial† societies: How has work changed in Canada over time? (pg20,24) Is â€Å"postindustrial† a proper description for Canadian society today? Bell argued that postindustrial societies would engage most workers in the production and disseminationRead MoreIndustrial Revolution : Impact On Society1092 Words   |  5 PagesIndustrial Revolution: Impact on Society Chernyka Love HIST112 Professor Adam Howard American Military University 15 March 2015 The Industrial Revolution is a term used to describe a period characterized by a transition from old to new processes of manufacturing. This period occurred during the 18th and 19th century. The transition was seen to include movement from primitive hand production to the same type of production using faster more efficient means by use of machines. The era also featuredRead MoreThe Effects Of Industrial Revolution On Society1989 Words   |  8 PagesThe industrial revolution introduced new ideas and revelations for the technology we enjoy today. During the years between 1750 and 1914 people began to discover more innovative ways of producing goods, which in turn boosted their economy. The British and French had similar ideas about the industrial path, but due to the French Revolution, France had other issues to contend with whereas Britain continued to industrialise. The industrial Revolution certainly boosted the economy; however, the socialRead MoreIndustrial Revolution: How Did the Industrial Revolution Transform Society?883 Words   |  4 Pages2. How did the Industrial Revolution transform society? During the 1700s, manufacturing companies in Britain began producing goods in a completely new way that would soon spread across Europe and then across the world. Inventors built remarkable machines. New forms of power, such as steam, replaced the strength of human and animals. The factory system of making goods also came into use. All of these advances affected patterns of living as well as working. Because society was so transformed, thisRead MoreThe Impact of the Industrial Revolution on Western Society1367 Words   |  6 PagesThe Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on Western society and the effects were numerous and mainly positive. The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 1790’s and spread throughout Europe and eventually to America. The extensive effects of the Industrial Revolution influenced almost every aspect of daily life and human society in some way. During this time period, widespread transportation such as railroads became available and important for the movement of goods and people. AlsoRead MoreThe Effects of the Industrial Revolution on Society Essay770 Words   |  4 PagesFrank Garrido THE EFFECTS OF THE NDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ON SOCIETY The Industrial Revolution changed the ways by how the world produced its goods. It was the era when the use of power-driven machines was developed. It also changed our societies from a mainly agricultural society to one in which industry and manufacturing was in control. This had many effects on people’s lives. The Industrial Revolution first got its start in Great Britain, during the 18th century. It was inevitable thatRead MoreThe Industrial Revolutions Influence on European Society1389 Words   |  6 PagesIn the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the Industrial Revolution in Europe had a significant influence on society. There were many changes in social classes and equality. The rise of the middle class had a momentous effect on the population of Europe and was a catalyst for many changes in the social makeup of the region. The influence of technology and electricity changed many aspects of social interaction and created a new class system. The migration of workers and the separation ofRead MoreAmeric A Agricultural Society Into And An Industrial Giant1029 Words   |  5 Pagesagricultural society into and an industrial giant. Some of the way it has envolved is culturally ,political and economically.America has envolved from a agricultural society into and an industrial giant culturally by immagrantion.America has envolved from a agricultural society into and an industrial giant political. America has envolved from a agricultural society into and an industrial giant culturally by immagrantion.America has envolved from a agricultural society into and an industrial giant economically

Teen pregnancy and sex education Free Essays

Adolescent birth rates have gone up and down over the past 60 old ages ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teenage_pregnancy ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Teen pregnancy and sex education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Adolescent gestation is defined as an minor teenage miss going pregnant. The term in mundane address normally means that a adult females who has non reached legal maturity who has become pregnant. Most females in America seem to believe that holding a kid is cool or they want something to name their ain. Teaching adolescents about safe sex and the jobs associated with gestation can travel a long manner in assisting adolescent birth rates to go on to drop. Adolescents who have babes are more likely to non complete high school and have their hereafter programs messed up. Unfortunately the United States still has the highest rate of teenage gestations when compared to other states of similar position ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.preganatteenhelp.org/articles8.html ) . Babies born to teenage mas have a more likely opportunity of holding a low birth weight and this can take to all kinds of medical jobs later in life. This goes back to instruction about sex and gestation bar in schools and places. One of the biggest issues that needs to be addressed in the battle between abstention merely and sexual instruction is adolescent gestation. Pregnant adolescents face many of the same jobs as adult females in their 20s and 30s. The babes born to these adolescent female parents are most likely to hold lower instruction and populate in higher rates of poorness, and or other poorer â€Å" life results. â€Å" ( Teenage Pregnancy – Wi kipedia ) . For female parents between 15 and 19 old ages, age in itself is non a hazard factor, but extra hazard may be associated with socioeconomic factors. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teenage_pregnancy ) . There are many groups or oranganizations that help salvage or at least attempt to salvage the many kids that are born to these immature teenage mas. The adolescent birth rate in the United States is the highest in the developed universe, and the adolescent abortion rate is besides high. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teenage_pregnancy ) . Harmonizing to information available from the Guttmacher Institue, sex by age 20 is the normal age across the universe, and states with low degrees of adolescent gestation accept sexual relationships among adolescents and supply comprehensive and balanced information about gender. Womans exposed to mistreat, domestic force, and household discord childhood are more likely to go pregnant as ado lescents, and the hazard of going pregnant as a adolescent increases with the figure of inauspicious childhood experiences ( Teenage gestation – Wikipedia ) . The Adolescent gestation scheme has had mixed success. Although teenage gestations have fallen overall, they have non fall systematically in every part, and in some countries they have increased. There are inquiries about weather the 2010 mark of a 50 % decrease on 1998 degrees can be met ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wiki/Teenage_pregnancy ) . But to run into these rates or statistics most adolescents should concentrate on the importance of abstention. Most subjects of this topic merely point out the chief thought and concentrate on one thing but you have to maintain discoursing the importance of the topic, because if non so the readers want believe much about it and non take it earnestly. Supports of abstinence-only motion frequently favor excepting information about safe sex, which they believe encourages pupil s to go sexually active ( Immell, Teen Pregnancy pg.9 ) . Research workers, nevertheless indicate that as of yet there is no definite cogent evidence that abstinence-only plans impede accelerate, or cut down sexual activity ( Immell, Teen Pregnancy pg.10 ) . In the United States the subject of sex instruction is the topic of much combative argument. Some schools provide these â€Å" abstinence-only † instruction and virginity pledges are progressively popular. A squad of research workers and pedagogues in California have published a list of â€Å" best patterns † in the bar of adolescent gestation, which includes, in add-on to the antecedently mentioned constructs, working to â€Å" transfuse a belief in a successful hereafter, † male engagement in the bar procedure, and planing intercessions that are culturally relevant ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teenage_pregnancy ) . Young maternity in an industrialised state can impact employment a nd societal category. Less than one tierce of teenage female parents receive any signifier of child support, immensely increasing the likeliness of turning to the authorities for aid. Teenage maternity may really do economic sense for poorer immature adult females, some research workers suggest ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teeenage_pregnancy ) . Most adolescent misss think that holding a babe is all right every bit long as they are taken attention of and populating in the right environment, but small do they cognize the after math or the impact of birth of the kid. Early maternity can impact the psychosocial development of the baby. One survey suggested that stripling female parents are less likely to excite their baby through fond behaviours such as touch, smiling, and verbal communicating, or to be sensitive and accepting toward his or her demands ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teenage_pregnancy ) . As many of us know being a adole scent female parent is non easy and does non look like it will be any clip shortly but we have to maintain informing our teens on the of import of abstention. The inquiry still remains will the rates of teenage gestations continue to lift or will it easy fall? The merely reply to this inquiry is to maintain back uping your close schools and go on to inform your kids about abstention merely and the hazards of holding a kid. Work Cited worth, richard. Single parnet households. New York: Miami trumpeter publication company, 1992. Print. immell, myra h. San Diego: greenhaven imperativeness, 2001. Print How to cite Teen pregnancy and sex education, Essay examples

Untitled Essay Research Paper English 106 4 free essay sample

Untitled Essay, Research Paper English 106 4 December 1996 Hamlet Analyzed in Footings of Aristotle # 8217 ; s Poetics Aristotle? s Poetics is considered the usher to a good written calamity ; his methods have been used for centuries. In Aristotle? s sentiment, secret plan is the most of import facet of the calamity, all other parts such as character, enunciation, and thought root from the secret plan. Aristotle defines a calamity as? ? an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude ; in linguistic communication embellished with each sort of artistic decoration, the several sorts being found in separate parts of the drama ; in the signifier of action, non of narrative ; through commiseration and fright set uping the proper catharsis of these emotions? ( P. 22 ) . Shakespeare? s Hamlet follows this definition for the most portion, and even though it is non ever in understanding with Aristotle? s guidelines, it is still a great and effectual calamity. Aristotle states that calamity is? an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude? ( P. 22 ) . Hamlet is an first-class illustration of this. The drama centres around Hamlet? s quest to revenge his male parent? s decease, this is a serious action. It is besides complete in the sense that all the loose terminals are tied together in a reasonable, credible mode. Hamlet is able to revenge his male parent? s decease by killing his uncle. Shakespeare besides follows Aristotle? s thought of the calamity being of a certain magnitude. The characters are supposed to be the most perfect people whom the audience can still associate to. Hamlet is a affluent prince, nevertheless he deals with the same jobs as the common adult male. He is confused, paranoiac, and angered about the fortunes environing his male parent? s decease. He is besides diffident of himself and how he should manage the state of affairs. The audience can associate to this unsure feeling and th ey are able to sympathize with Hamlet. Aristotle believes that in order for a calamity to be effectual, it must convey commiseration and fright. He defines commiseration as a felling that is aroused by? unmerited bad luck? ( p. 27 ) . Hamlet undoubtedly suffers this unmerited bad luck. He has done nil to convey about his male parent? s decease. To do the state of affairs even more painful, his female parent has married his uncle whom he suspects is responsible for the calamity. These fortunes illicit commiseration from the audience. The fright of impending immorality is besides prevailing in the drama. As the secret plan progresses, it becomes clear that the male monarch is plotting to kill Hamlet and Hamlet is be aftering to kill the male monarch. Hamlet? s secret plan is what Aristotle considers complex. It is accompanied by Recognition, which is? a alteration from ignorance to knowledge, bring forthing love or hatred between the individuals destined by the poet for good or bad luck? ( P. 26 ) . The Recognition occurs when the drama within the drama is staged for the male monarch. The drama is a reenactment of what Hamlet believes happened to his male parent. His uncle is so disquieted and flustered by the drama that he runs from the room. This action indicates to Hamlet that his intuitions were right and his uncle is so responsible for King Hamlet? s decease. Hamlet subsequently finds the male monarch in a church praying and is tempted to kill him at that place, but decides against it because he will travel to heaven since he is praying. From this, the audience is able to deduce that Hamlet will try to kill his uncle subsequently in the drama. Aristotle stresses that enunciation is of import to do the calamity credible. Shakespeare utilizes enunciation absolutely and everything his characters say is appropriate for them to be stating. For case, the king speaks like a male monarch, he ever dodges like a true politician. There is an obvious and n ecessary difference between the manner he speaks and the manner the gravediggers speak. The gravediggers are common work forces and therefor, speak as idea they are common work forces. There are some facets of Poeticss that Shakespeare does non follow. For case, Aristotle states that in a great calamity, there should be integrity of clip, topographic point, and action. By this he means the action of the drama should take topographic point in the sum of clip it takes to execute it, it should happen in one scene, and there should be one chief secret plan or action. Shakespeare breaks all these regulations. The drama spans over a important period of clip. Besides, the action occurs in assorted scenes runing from the castle to a field in Denmark. Finally, there are several secret plans taking topographic point at the same time. For case, as Hamlet is fighting with the decease of his male parent, Ophelia is traveling insane because Hamlet is non returning her love or demoing any involvem ent in her. The audience feels commiseration for Ophelia throughout her ordeal as good. Aristotle would non O.K. of all the subplots that occur within this drama. Shakespeare? s Hamlet is a great and effectual calamity which follows most of the guidelines set by Aristotle in Poetics. There are some facets of Poeticss that Shakespeare does non include or follow, nevertheless the drama still effects the audience in the coveted mode. In world, Hamlet would non hold the same impact if it followed all the guidelines. For case, the whole facet of the subplot about Ophelia? s insanity adds so much to the drama. Shakespeare broke some of Aristotle? s regulations and still wrote an effectual calamity that has been appreciated by audiences for centuries. Saltzburg 5 Nicole Saltzburg English 106 Mr. McGrath 4 December 1996 Hamlet Analyzed in Footings of Aristotle? s Poeticss 316

6 Tips for Becoming a Great Administrative Assistant

6 Tips for Becoming a Great Administrative Assistant Working as an administrative assistant can be an exciting job with many different duties. Employers seeking an administrative assistant look for certain talents and attributes to pick the right individual for the job. Learning a few tips to become a great administrative assistant makes your work easier and puts you in the spotlight for potential raises and a higher standing with your company.Fine Tune Your Skills With AppsThe ability to use Microsoft Word, Excel and Outlook is a given when working as an administrative assistant. However, increasing those skills adds to your professional abilities. For example, by learning how to make a PowerPoint presentation and having the ability to use other apps that are useful to the company, you increase your skills and your worth as an administrative assistant.Heighten Your Communication SkillsExcellent communication skills within the office environment is necessary to be a successful administrative assistant since this individual is often the first one approached with questions. Frequently, the administrative assistant writes letters, memos and handles correspondence. The use of proper grammar and punctuation can benefit from taking courses to improve writing skills. In addition, an administrative assistant deals with the public and is often the first contact with a client. The ability to handle communication needs and service to the public is a measure of an administrative assistants ability to do a superlative job.Work on Your Organizational SkillsThe organizational skills of an administrative assistant are important because you have to lay your hand on a document or file quickly. Finding an organization system that works well for both executives and staff is important. Ensure that calendars and work are kept up to date and proceed on schedule. The additional ability to foresee what needs attention next helps ensure that work gets done in a timely manner and helps your boss free more time for other concerns.Learn How to Oversee the Office EquipmentIt is important to an office that computers, copiers, fax machines and other equipment are operational and in good working order. The administrative assistant can have the duty to ensure that equipment is repaired. In addition, supplies needed to run the office, from copy paper and ink cartridges to writing paper and pens, are the responsibility of the administrative assistant. Keeping a close eye on inventory and reordering when necessary ensures that the office will continue to run smoothly.Display Your Leadership AbilitiesBesides the qualifications on your resume, having experience outside the office shows that you have an interest in learning and are a team player. Professional organizations and work as a volunteer looks good on a resume and shows your commitment to professionalism.Act in a Professional MannerAlthough you probably have a friendly relationship with your co-workers, it is important to remember that you are in the office to do your jo b and a serious attitude toward work is expected. Maintaining a professional demeanor, avoiding gossip and keeping quiet about company business is a vital quality for an administrative assistant.If you are looking for administrative assistant jobs, turning to TheJobNetwork is a great first step toward getting a job as an administrative assistant. This platform lets you enter your qualifications and the job you want. Working 24/7, TheJobNetwork searches all applicable positions, ranking them as to your preferences. An email is sent to your mailbox when a job is located and lets you apply in a timely fashion.

Using the Spanish Verb Jugar

Using the Spanish Verb Jugar Jugar is usually the equivalent of the English verb to play and is used in much the same way. Using Jugar With Games The most noticeable difference is that in standard Spanish the preposition a is used after jugar when jugar is used to refer to the playing of a specified game: Me gustarà ­a saber si en Belice juegan al fà ºtbol. (I would like to know if they play soccer in Belize.)Aprendemos a jugar al ajedrez. (We are learning to play chess.)Los estudiantes jugaron a la bolsa y no ganaron nada. (The students played the market and didnt earn anything.)El actor jugà ³ a la ruleta rusa con una pistola totalmente cargada. (The actor played Russian roulette with a fully loaded pistol.) In parts of Latin America, however, the a can be omitted when referring to athletic contests. The absence of the a is a regional variation and shouldnt be imitated in most areas. Jugar isnt used to refer to the playing of a musical instrument. For that, use tocar. Using Jugar With Con When followed by the preposition con, jugar sometimes carries a meaning similar to to manipulate or to play around with. The phrase sometimes suggests that someone isnt treating something (or someone) with due respect or diligence: Los chicos de cuatro aà ±os juegan con las palabras e inventan palabras e historias disparatadas. (Four-year-old children play with words and invent words and silly stories.)Jugaste con mis sentimientos, como juega el viento con la hoja. (You manipulated my feelings, like the wind toys with a leaf.)No voy a jugar con mi salud cuando lo que quiero es mejorarla. (Im not going to trifle with my health when what I want to do is make it better.)Chvez dijo que los banqueros privados jugaron con el dinero del pueblo. (Chvez said the private bankers gambled with the peoples money.) Standing by itself, jugar usually means simply to play: Jugaban todo el dà ­a. (They played all day.) The phrase jugar limpio is used to mean to play clean, that is, playing fairly, by the rules or otherwise in a commendable manner. The opposite, to play dirty, is jugar sucio. Using Jugar Reflexively In the reflexive form, if it doesnt mean to play together, jugarse usually suggests gambling or taking risks: Facebook y Twitter se juegan por lo ms popular. (Facebook and Twitter are competing to be the most popular.)Me juguà © la vida porque tenà ­a que triunfar. (I bet my life because I had to win.)Ellos se juegan mucho ms que nosotros. (Theyre risking a lot more than we are.) Remember that jugar is conjugated irregularly.

Can u pls make up a title for me anything to do with marktering Literature review

Can u pls make up a title for me anything to do with marktering - Literature review Example In the earlier times, shop keepers were able to acquire a fair understanding of consumer behaviour because they sold their products directly to the customers. However, with the increasing growth in the size of firms, opportunities of direct contact with consumers have lowered. Increasingly, managers are investing more to gain an insight on consumer behaviour. As a consequence, business and academic researchers invest more resources in studying consumer energy for the improvement of businesses. One of the oldest models in regards to consumer behaviour is ‘stimulus-behaviour model’. The following model propagates that marketing and other stimuli influence the buyer’s black box, producing certain responses (The Institute for Working Futures, n.d.). The stimuli can be of two kinds. The marketing stimuli or the marketing mix consist of 4 P’s including product, price, place and promotion. Others include economic, technological, political and cultural stimuli. All these stimuli move through the consumers’ black box and help them to make the product choice, brand choice, purchasing timing and purchasing amount. Apart from this simplified model, several other models have been developed by the marketing scholars in the field of ‘consumer behaviour’. The most prominent models have been developed by John A. Howard and Jagdish N Sheth, Francesco M. Nicosia, James F. Engel, Roger D. Blackwell and David T. Kollat. The five stage model of buying process includes steps like recognizing the problems, searching for information, evaluating the alternatives, purchasing decision and post purchase behaviour of the consumers. After purchasing the products, the buyer is expected to feel some level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction regarding the product or service acquired. The number of organisational buying processes can be quite

Expanding small business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Expanding small business - Essay Example Sam was told that the company should have adopted change management methods and planned change policies prior to bringing about change. According to Nelson and Winter (1982) routine interactions within the working environment forms the basis of organizational culture and a predictive pattern emerges. Deal and Kennedy 19820 describe it as â€Å"the way we do things here†. The importance of this routine is gaining importance as has been acknowledged by Cohen et al (1972) and Hedberg et al (1976. Topmost in handling change is to motivate the people to achieve the purpose of the change. This means highlighting the glorious future and contrasting it with the disgraceful past. However it has to be conveyed positively with rewards accompanying results. Effective communication will be required to generate support and participation at all levels. Teamwork and togetherness is the core issue here. To bring about active involvements in the procedure the employees have to be given a vision of the future. The vision requires standing up for fair practices with genuine efforts backed by world class products and to inform the customers that they could depend upon the company to be competitive and more efficient. The objectives are the values the vision creates and the value features are the consistent commitment to quality and service to be provided to the customers. For the change to be effective and for the realization of the company vision it is imperative that all the stakeholders support the various steps all along the way. The attempts have to be genuine and in common interest for benefits all round. The primary requirement is to have the knowledge of all sources of power in the company and to harness them and motivate them to work for a common goal. The ideal is to get them to agree on and obtain a consensus to avoid sudden conflicts of interest midway between any initiatives. It is often

Internet Auctions in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Internet Auctions in China - Essay Example Though E-commerce is thus still in infant stage in China there has been a continuous growth in the business. "Already, some 6 million people a day shop on the internet in China. The vast majority are young people living in large cities. There are now 43 million registered online shoppers, and their purchases may total US$6.4 billion in 2007, a year-on-year leap of more than 60 percent" (Daniel 2007) China Center for Information Industry Development Consulting (CCID Consulting) has presented a report which estimates the total online transactions of China at US $ 14 billion amounting to a growth of 51 percent over the 2005 year volume of business. The report also indicates that about 99 percent of the business undertakings of China belong to Small and Medium sector and out of these only 3 percent deal through internet. This is the kind of volume of business and market EBay and Taobao are contesting to share. With this background this paper envisages presenting a detailed report on the functionalities of EBay and Taobao being the major competitors in the ecommerce business in China. The paper also analyses the differences between such functions and the qualities of services being provided by both the contenders. When alternative choices exist the customers would obviously prefer one over the other. In this case also the paper analyses the reasons for the preference of Taobao than the EBay. 2.0 Evolution of Online Business in China: Although online business is in existence in China even from the year 1998, its growth was rather sluggish. This was mainly due to the lack of trust among the purchasers and sellers and the absence of an effective payment settlement system. It has been the tradition of China that the buyer before completing the online transaction would like to meet the seller, check the quality of the product, pay the money in hard cash and take delivery of the products. Ironically enough the outbreak of SARS in China had discouraged people going out of their homes and meet strangers. This has reduced the chances of the buyers meeting the sellers and thus SARS had removed the Trust barrier in the online business. Normally eBay was handling the US and European markets which were highly developed and were nearing the saturation point. EBay even persuaded corporate customers to off load their excess inventories in their website. However the situation in China when EBay entered was totally unregulated wit h the buyers and sellers consisting of individuals with lack of trust on each other. With the passage of time the online business developed very well with the sellers finding it interesting to offer their products to the foreign buyers as they see it as an opportunity to increase their profitability. The modus operandi is to buy the cheaper products from large local factories, use marketing techniques like AdWords Google or other search engines and get the products listed in the EBay to sell

Le Corbusiers Villa Savoye: Five Points of New Architecture

Le Corbusiers Villa Savoye: Five Points of New Architecture During the 1920s, Le Corbusier was developing his Five Points of New Architecture. The domestic building I am focusing on is Villa Savoye which exemplifies these five points. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/3c/VillaSavoye.jpg He believed that these architectural rules should be applied to the design of all domestic buildings. I will relate the architectural innovations of Le Corbusiers Villa Savoye to the ideas of De Stijl Bauhaus. Le Corbusier was a Swiss Architect and a member of the French Avante Garde movement who worked mainly in France. His work from the 1920s and 30s established a language of architecture that has been copied by architects ever since. In his work he explored new industrial materials such as concrete, steel and glass. He was influenced by Auguste Perrets development as well as architectural use of reinforced concrete and worked for him between 1908 and 1909 that was where he learnt the principles of reinforced concrete construction. Other aspects of Le Corbusiers work consisted of town planning and social housing. His architecture reflected the clean cut aesthetic of the machine age which he lived in. As well as this, he was also concerned with the needs and potential of industrial society and with the harmonization of architecture with nature. His architecture in the 20s and 30s established a vocabulary of design which would be much imitated. The Villa Savoye is a private weekend home built in the 1928 (completed in 1931) for the Savoye family located on the summit of a small hill surrounded by trees just outside Paris. It is a building of complex geometry and undecorated white surfaces, which exemplifies the international style as well as Le Corbusiers ideas of purism. It is one of the most recognizable architectural presentations of the modernist movement, which began in the 1880s but came to flourish in the early 20th century. The exterior of the building is of a simple box shaped composition raised on stilts (pilotis). This is so that all of the main rooms are on the first floor allowing a roof terrace above these floors to provide views of the landscape. It is conceived almost like a 1:1 model with no front or back. Beneath the Pilotis is a curved wall allowing cars to drive right up to the building which signifies the influences from the machine age, On three sides the ground floor almost disappears, but on the entrance side, the arrival and departure of cars is celebrated in a T-shape which is an effective sign of welcome. (Benton, 1987:196). http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/france/poissy/savoye/0126.jpg He saw the fore coming importance of the car and this led to design of the free faà §ade: the structure is set back from the faà §ade which becomes simply a light membrane of insulating wall or window freely disposed according to the demands of the interior. Inside there is a masterly handling of natural light through the use of ribbon windows. Natural light played an important role in the development of the Villa, Le Corbusier deployed the four sides of the house in response to the view and the orientation of the sun. The salle faced North West occupying the whole faà §ade. The terrace faced the sun with a sheltered portion at the south east end. (Benton, 1987:195). The free plan of the building frees both walls and windows which can admit daylight into continuous bands without structural obstructions. Interior space flows into exterior: the terrace is on two levels and on one side of the faà §ade the ribbon windows are replaced by unglazed frames that look into the open terrace area. In order to move around the building, a ramp ascending from the ground floor was placed in the structure, as Le Corbusier believed that while a staircase separates one level from another, a ramp links them together. The ramp and floor planes interact with the spiral staircases and curved wall at ground level. Although the structure is rather boxy in appearance, energy and movement is suggested by the handrails and edgings which lead the visitor on. Le Corbusier called this an architectural promenade: this is a flow of space where one room leads through to another creating a sense of continuity, further facilitated through the use of the ramp. Natural light is used to draw the occupant up the ramp and onto the roof garden. This is one of Le Corbusiers five points which is created through the use of a flat reinforced concrete slab. The terrace featured a solarium; the wall of the solarium has a window cut in the middle of it which frames the outside view. Le Corbusier wanted to harmonize the building and its landscape. The idea was to unite the building and its surrounding landscape and make greenery a vital part of the architecture language. Seen from the outside it looks more like the funnel of an ocean liner. (Chami, 2007). The influences for this building are grounded in the modernist movement with Adolf Loos beliefs as foundations for the movement. In his book Ornament and Crime he explained his ideas on the use of ornamentation and the immorality that ties with it. He called for simple, pure, geometrical and unadorned design which stays true to the materials and finish of the structures built (notions of Brutalism). Le Corbusier designed the fixtures such as door handles and built in furniture. Painted interior walls added colour, as did elements like the blue tiled chaise longue that separates the main bedroom from its bathroom. Despite the formal beauty of the Villa Savoye, its flat roof construction was not well suited to the climate and leaked badly. The owners were displeased and soon abandoned it. The French Avante Garde consisted of the three architects Le Corbusier, Auguste Perret and Tony Garnier all of which contributed to the development of modernist architecture. Perret was one of the main figures of the development and architectural use of reinforced or ferro concrete, a material which transformed the language of architecture in the works of Le Corbusier as seen in the Villa Savoye. Due to its tensile strength it enabled architects to build strong structures without the need for load bearing walls, it allowed for architectural flexibility which Le Corbusier took full advantage of as seen in the free flowing faà §ade. The De Stijl and Bauhaus movements in Holland and Germany were both important for the development of the modernist style, rejecting ornaments and historical references and were in favor of clean pure light filled rectilinear architecture which included interior spaces constructed with new industrial materials, all of these aspects are featured in Le Corbusiers designs and in particular the Villa Savoye. A key example of De Stijl architecture is the Schroder house by Gerrit Rietveld. Similar to the Villa Savoye, it featured a flat concrete slab roof, a dynamic rectilinear faà §ade and a free flowing interior which was sectioned off with screens. Much like in De Stijl style paintings, its architecture is reminiscent of painted abstract environment, in which pure colour, free of all figurative associations, was merged with modern architecture to form an encompassing, total work of art. (Troy 1983:3). The Bauhaus building was designed by Walter Gropius and was the base for the Bauhaus school of Art Design. The building exemplified Gropius mastery in building with steel and glass to produce light filled functional structures: The clarity of the design idea finds expression above all in the large area of glass frontage (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) The clear, practical arrangement of the windows and balconies gives the building its own special appearance. (Fiedler Feierbend, 2006:195).   Much like Le Corbusier, Gropius built with practicality and rationality in mind. His commitment to the machine age in which he was working was summed up in his belief that new times demand their own expression. However there was much deliberation on the origins of the design concept for the Bauhaus building: The accusation of formalism was also heard, and there were malicious references to a design concept virtually borrowed from Le Corbusier. (Fiedler Feierbend, 2006:198). This can best be seen through aerial photographs of the Bauhaus building where the interlinking of various functional areas can be easily seen. This particular aspect is what Le Corbusier named the Architectural Promenade, a continuity of space. The Villa Savoye is a key structure which exemplified the International Style. Its features were imitated by several architects in different styles. It is easy see the similarities in the buildings of the Bauhaus and De Stijl movements, features like a flat concrete slab roof, interlinking spaces and rectilinear faà §ade appear in all styles but are most strongly represented in the Villa Savoye. The use of white on walls is another significant aspect of the modernist style also seen in a range of different examples from this period of time. The Villa is full of rich ideas which have and will continue to be imitated in the future. It might now stand as an artifact or museum, but it will still inspire Architects worldwide and will continue to do so in the future.

Canada :: essays papers

Canada This ISP is is about my views on the Canadian Constitution and what I think needs to be changed in it. Some topics I have chose to discus, which I think need to be changed ar ones such as the notwithstanding claws and it's disadvantages, as well as the discanct society claws and it's disadvantages as well as what effects it has on the Canadian socity. I will also discuis the effects and disadvantages of what the appontiment of the suprem court judges. The supreme court of Canada is yhe higest court in Canada. The role of the suprem court is to hear cases which have been heard in provincal court and have been appeled to the supreme court for futher ruling. The court also hears cases which deal with constutitionl law and cases that deal with criminal and civil cases. In appointing judges for the supreme court a process of elimination is used by going through all of the provincal lawers untill one is found who is thought to be fit for the possition. Judges manitain officewith good behavoruntill age 75 and can only be removed by the Governal general of Canada with addvess from the senate and house of commons. The Supreme Court is also a general court of appeal for criminal cases. In theory any citizen may come before the Supreme Court to plead his own case, but such instances are rare. In criminal cases the court will hear appeals if an acquittal has been set aside or if there has been a dissenting judgement in a provincial Court of Appeal on a question of law. A guilty verdict in a case of first-degree murder may automatically be appealed to the Supreme Court. If it first grants leave to appeal, the court may also hear appeals on questions of law arising from summary convictions or indictable offences. In civil cases appeals may only be presented with the prior permission of the court; such permission is granted when the court believes that the case raises a question of public importance or an important issue of law or of mixed law and fact that ought to be decided by the court in the national interest. In about 75% of its cases, the court explains its reasoning along with its decision. In about 56% of these cases, it has upheld the decision of the lower court. Normally the justices go into conference immediately after the argument of a case, review its elements and compare their opinions. One of the justices drafts the court's judgement. If, after receiving and reading this judgement, his colleagues disagree with it, there may be Canada :: essays papers Canada This ISP is is about my views on the Canadian Constitution and what I think needs to be changed in it. Some topics I have chose to discus, which I think need to be changed ar ones such as the notwithstanding claws and it's disadvantages, as well as the discanct society claws and it's disadvantages as well as what effects it has on the Canadian socity. I will also discuis the effects and disadvantages of what the appontiment of the suprem court judges. The supreme court of Canada is yhe higest court in Canada. The role of the suprem court is to hear cases which have been heard in provincal court and have been appeled to the supreme court for futher ruling. The court also hears cases which deal with constutitionl law and cases that deal with criminal and civil cases. In appointing judges for the supreme court a process of elimination is used by going through all of the provincal lawers untill one is found who is thought to be fit for the possition. Judges manitain officewith good behavoruntill age 75 and can only be removed by the Governal general of Canada with addvess from the senate and house of commons. The Supreme Court is also a general court of appeal for criminal cases. In theory any citizen may come before the Supreme Court to plead his own case, but such instances are rare. In criminal cases the court will hear appeals if an acquittal has been set aside or if there has been a dissenting judgement in a provincial Court of Appeal on a question of law. A guilty verdict in a case of first-degree murder may automatically be appealed to the Supreme Court. If it first grants leave to appeal, the court may also hear appeals on questions of law arising from summary convictions or indictable offences. In civil cases appeals may only be presented with the prior permission of the court; such permission is granted when the court believes that the case raises a question of public importance or an important issue of law or of mixed law and fact that ought to be decided by the court in the national interest. In about 75% of its cases, the court explains its reasoning along with its decision. In about 56% of these cases, it has upheld the decision of the lower court. Normally the justices go into conference immediately after the argument of a case, review its elements and compare their opinions. One of the justices drafts the court's judgement. If, after receiving and reading this judgement, his colleagues disagree with it, there may be

Argumentative (Persuasive) Essay Guidelines

Writing Handout E-5: Argumentative (Persuasive) Essay Guidelines Structuring a Argumentative (Persuasive) Essay A persuasive essay is simply a writer’s attempt to convince readers of the validity of a particular opinion on a controversial issue. The following steps should help you write a persuasive essay. 1. Carefully select a topic Choose a topic that interests you. An argument does not have to be a burning issue, but it must be a debatable topic. It can be anything you feel strongly about. 2. Identify the controversy Your introduction should clarify the controversy or issue.Your thesis states your position on the issue. You must take a stand on the issue. 3. Provide support The body paragraphs of the essay should provide specific support. These supports may include personal experience, statistics, examples, facts, or experts’ opinions. They may be garnered from television shows, magazines, newspapers, textbooks, studies, or interviews. 4. Organization Include enough details to support your position; however, select only the facts that are relevant. 5. Consider differing opinions A persuasive essay may be strengthened by acknowledging conflict viewpoints and repudiating them. . Provide a forceful conclusion Restate your position in different words from the introduction. Do not introduce new material in the conclusion. You may want to conclude by encouraging some specific call to action (see the attached sample essay). Note to students: The following essay is a sample to illustrate format. Course instructors have copies. Duplication or near duplication would be regarded as plagiarism. E-5 Argumentative/Persuasive Essay Guidelines (July, 2011; g:ASC:EngRead) Page 1 Argumentative Sample Title An effective title should grab a reader’s nterest. Title is not underlined, boldfaced, or italicized. Introduction: An example provides an effective introduction to the topic. Thesis: Thesis statement identifies the argument. Body paragraphs: Each body paragraph contains a transition (bold) followed by clearly stated arguments (italicized), supported by specific facts or examples. Conclusion: Summarizes the main ideas, repeats thesis sentence, and draws conclusion. Boxing: Countdown to Injury A left hook smashes into the fighter’s jaw. A following right slams his head the opposite direction.An uppercut to the jaw snaps his head back, momentarily stopping the blood flow to his brain. The boxer drops, hitting the mat with a thud. His brain bounces off his skull for the second time in a matter of seconds. Is this what we should call a sport? Because of injuries, neurological damage, and ring deaths, the rules of professional boxing should be changed. Boxing has always been a brutal sport. The ancient Greeks used gloves studded with metal spikes, which slashed the face and body and split skulls. Although gloves are no longer spiked, boxers today sustain injuries ranging from cuts and bruises to broken bones.It is not uncommon t o see a boxer leave the ring with a cut on his face, an eye swollen shut, and a nose enlarged and bloody. Often, healing in is incomplete because these areas receive the same blows again and again in other matches. In fact, repeated blows almost cost Sugar Ray Leonard his sight when his retina detached in his left eye. Besides superficial injuries, boxers suffer short-term neurological damage as a result of staggering blows to the head. A knockout punch, for example, is often delivered with such force that the brain smashes against the skull, tearing nerve fibers and blood vessels, resulting in a concussion.Even a blow to the neck can close the carotid artery, the main artery to the brain, whereby oxygen and blood to the brain are disrupted, resulting in dizziness and confusion. Later, the boxers often have no memory of the moments before or after a knockout blow. In addition to short-term neurological damage, severe blows to the head can induce more serious injuries. For instance, Muhammad Ali now suffers from longterm neurological damage as a result of receiving repeated blows to the head. Evidence shows that Ali suffers from neurological damage caused by the blows that accelerated existing damage.As he aged, the boxer whom experts say was the â€Å"greatest of all† could not walk without the aid of a cane and could barely speak. Finally, the most serious outcome of continual beatings to the head is death. Ray Mancini retired from boxing after delivering such a crushing blow to the head of Duck-Kim that the end result of the match was death for Duck-Kim. The advent of gloves and protective headgear supposedly offers protection, but even a light punch can snap the boxer's head back explosively, causing severe injury or death.Thus, boxing has been a popular sport since the ancient Greeks reveled in watching one opponent physically beat another to death. To lessen the injuries, neurological damages, and deaths occurring from this sport, professional boxi ng rules need to be changed to those used in Olympic matches, where points are awarded for skill and precise landing of punches, not for physically maiming an opponent. To continue allowing the present, legalized assault of boxing to masquerade as another innocent challenge of skill is to remain in barbarism. E-5 Argumentative/Persuasive Essay Guidelines (July, 2011; g:ASC:EngRead) Page 2

Product Liability Essays - Tort Law, Law, Private Law, Common Law

Product Liability Essays - Tort Law, Law, Private Law, Common Law Product Liability Product Liability Every day American consumers purchase products that they feel are beneficial to there development. Where that lies depends on the consumer. However, One underling variable is a constant when it comes to purchasing the product. That variable is whether or not the product is right for them. When the consumer purchases a product, they are liable for whatever mishaps may occur and accidents that may happen. But producers are not completely free from the liability of their product to their consumers. This is where product liability legal issues come from, a segment of the law which has seen its fare share of turmoil and difficulties. Product liability is the producers requirement to warn the consumer of and any possible troubles associated with the product. This is usually done with a warning label attached to the product, or is found via flyer form in the instruction manual. Sports and recreational equipment cause serious injuries everyday. There are many reasons for the cause of injury, but most cases of injury are due to product defects. These defects are manufacturing, design, and failure to adequately warn. Besides the product defects, consumers are exposed to other forms of potential mishaps, which are negligence, breach of warranty, and strict tort legal responsibility. Because America is a society largely dependent upon the outside means in which to entertain themselves, many Americans are changing from the casual spectator to that of the exuberant participator. Therefore, the number of accidents associated with products has risen. Subsequently, so have the court cases and trials. Product liability comes into play when the product breaks, or doesnt perform up to regulation standards set forth by the producer. In more cases than not, there is some form of injury sustained due to product defect or claims. So in short, the definition of product liability is the responsibility of the manufacturer to the user if the use of its product results in personal injury or property damage (Legal Concepts, 122). Sports and recreational equipment cause serious injuries everyday. There are many reasons for the cause of injury, but most cases of injury are due to product defects (Swartz). These defects are manufacturing, design, and failure to adequately warn. As I have already stated in the beginning of this analysis, product liability has three main theories under which recovery can be made. These recoveries are: Negligence Strict liability Breach of warranty Negligence is the understanding that the producer or manufacturer has the responsibility or duty to applicate a reasonable degree of care. Many people fail to realize that a negligence action in not under a duty to insure that its product will not cause injury; rather, the product merely has to be reasonably safe. The most common incidence of negligence is the manufacturers failure to inspect or test a product. Another common incidences of negligence is the defendants failure to sufficiently caution the user of the dangers the defendant knew about. Another is breach of warranty. Studies have shown that the care taken by manufacturers to warrant reasonable process to the consumer has a lot to be desired. From 1982 to 1984 there were 161 deaths and 128,000 injuries caused by ATVs . This lack of duty can be as much to blame for there petulance as it does to their marketing exploits. One of the most common incidences of negligence associated with products in the manufacturers failure to inspect or test the product. When inspecting the product could have led to discovery of an injury-causing defect, the producer is liable. McCormick V. Lowe & Campbell Athletic Goods disclosed a variety of factors on the reasonableness of the inspection. These factors can include industry advances, the seriousness of the possible harm, the likelihood of the possible harm, and the feasibility of the inspection. In McCormick V. Lowe, the plaintiff claimed the defendant company furnished a vaulting pole that broke while the plaintiff was attempting to use it. The plaintiff brought a negligence action to recover the injuries he sustained in the fall that resulted in the inferior product. The court held that a manufacturer of a product is under a duty to exercise ordinary care to test products to determine whether or not such products contain defects,

Legalization Of Marijuana Essays - Drug Control Law, Drug Culture

Legalization Of Marijuana Essays - Drug Control Law, Drug Culture Legalization Of Marijuana The purpose of this paper is to discuss marijuana and compare both sides of the issue of legalizing marijuana. We have two factions fighting each other ; one those who are pro marijuana and those who are anti marijuana. These two factions have been fighting on this issue on the halls of justice for years. Pro marijuana legalization groups such as the Physician's Association for AIDS Care, National Lymphoma Foundation argue that marijuana should be legalized in order to treat terminally ill patients. Among them are AIDS victims who find that marijuana stimulates their appetites so they can fight off dangerous emaciation; glaucoma sufferers who have used marijuana said it has prevented them from going blind, and cancer patients for whom it alleviates the severe nausea that is often accompanies chemotherapy and sometimes makes lifesaving treatment impossible. Due to all these lobbying groups which show substantial evidence that marijuana can be used as a prescribed drug. Also many advocates who are pro marijuana complain that morphine and cocaine are legal and are very dangerous drugs, that brings up the question why not legalize marijuana as medical drug which is proven to be less dangerous than cocaine and morphine. Lobbying groups in a San Diego, California , council committee unanimously voted to urge president Bill Clinton and congress to end federal restrictions against the use of marijuana for legitiment medical use. City council women Christine kehoe said she wanted the city of San Diego to go on the record we support the medical use marijuana.; marijuana can be a drug of necessity in the treatment of AIDS, glaucoma, cancer and multiple sclerosis. '' Many agencies which are anti marijuana such as Drug Enforcement Agency and police departments argue that marijuana shouldn't be legalized. These agencies believe that marijuana shouldn't be legalized because if marijuana is to become legal then thousands more patients using marijuana. Then people will raise the question why marijuana illegal at all if its a medicine. The main reason why the Drug Enforcement Agency doesn't want marijuana to be legal is because their is no hard core evidence that proves that marijuana is a effective drug as a medicine. In twenty years of research have produced no reliable scientific proof that marijuana has medical value. The American Cancer Society , American Glaucoma Society,the National Multiple Sclerosis, the American Academy of Ophthalmology , or the American Medical Association , say that their is no evidence that marijuana is a medicine. The agencies also argues that no other drug prescribed is smoked and that knew findings show that marijuana is acutely harmful to AIDS, Cancer patients because the active ingredient in marijuana acutely reduces the the bodies white blood cells which fight off infection. The Drug Enforcement Agency along with police departments all over the United States believe, with the legalization of drugs crime will increase due to a higher increase of pot users which will eventually become addicts and will still or kill in order to get their drugs. These are the main points and reasons why the Drug named marijuana shouldn't be legalized in the United States of America. Seeing booth sides of the issue I come to a conclusion that marijuana should be legalized in order to help people suffering from terminal diseases such as AIDS, Cancer and Glaucoma. Prohibition of marijuana over the past decades hasn't deminshed the demand of the drug in the United States. The use of marijuana has acutely went up due to the mass attention given to marijuana by rappers such as Cypress Hill who promote the use of marijuana as a social drug. But I believe that marijuana is here to stay in our society and is only going through the stages that alcohol had during the prohibition era. Marijuana will become legal due to the knew administration which is liberal and who's leader , president Bill Clinton who had acutely used marijuana during the nineteen sixties. Due to all these factors marijuana will become more widely accepted by the American people who will pressure congress to rewrite the laws on the drug marijuana. Now its only a matter of time before lobbying groups pressure the legislature to legalize it. Due to legalization many states will be able to grow marijuana as a cash crop, and the United States government will be able to tax marijuana and make revenue off it. The revenue made from marijuana will be in the millions which can be used for drug rehabs and anti drug programs targeted at elementary children. Still by

Customer Service Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Customer Service - Personal Statement Example Kimberley Palmer’s article about US News’ interview with Jon Yates may help understand the point of view of the customer when they call about a problem. Customers call the customer service department because they have a problem. They cannot do something themselves and they need help. That’s the main responsibility of the customer service representative, to provide assistance to the customer. Sometimes these callers may be angry or frustrated, sometimes they are soft-spoken but that doesn’t mean they are disappointed with the service they are getting. By reading the article of Palmer, customer service departments would understand better what customers wants the most: and that is simply to be heard and understood. Sometimes there are situations wherein customer service representatives cannot help them because of company policies, or sometimes the bug was just recently discovered and the company is just in the process of fixing it. Customer service representa tives may not always have the solutions to all their problems. And there are customers who accept that, given that they were able to feel that the representative was able to understand their need and made an effort to help them in any possible way they can. The article shows how important the role of a customer service representative is. He is the frontliner of the company. ... Also, the more customers want to reach the top of the corporate ladder just to complain about a scratch on their ordered phone, the more the customer service department and quality assurance department looks bad. Why? Because this means that they weren’t able to give the customer their needs. For the quality assurance department, that is to ensure that the products are of high quality and for the customer service department, that is to ensure that an exchange or refund will be given to the customer. If the customer calls the customer service department then goes directly to the CEO, that means they had a bad customer service experience. This means they didn’t get the customer service that the company is required to give their customers. The article is an eye-opener to the customer service department. It is important that they think about the customer’s welfare. If the customer service department is able to give the service that the customer needs, then there wonà ¢â‚¬â„¢t be any bad publicity or any threat to go elsewhere. As Yates advices that if you don’t get a good customer service representative then skip the customer call center and go straight to the top (Palmer, 2012). This advice just emphasizes the importance of good customer service representatives and their role in maintaining the good name and in keeping their customers. His advice to threaten to take a business elsewhere and follow through with it if the company does not respond also proves how important it is for customer service representatives to provide a good service to customers (Palmer, 2012). If the customer service representative fails to answer to the customer’s call or fail to explain to the customer why certain situations cannot be helped or fail to help the customer altogether,

How do American Perceptions of an Ideal Hero Relate to our Ideas of Essay

How do American Perceptions of an Ideal Hero Relate to our Ideas of Masculinity, and How is This American Vision of Masculinity - Essay Example Today, they come to life in many high-calibrated movie films. However, they do not just come alive in these movie films, but they are perfect portrayal of the American way of viewing masculinity. Such vision of masculinity can also be viewed within the cowboy culture. This paper tries to discuss how American perceptions of an ideal hero relate to our common ideas of masculinity, and how this vision is portrayed in the fiction â€Å"Cowboy† written by Thomas McGuane. Cowboy The cowboy culture is known for being able to outlaw violence, possess physical prowess, and self-made success (Flood 114). These all reveal the classic views of American masculinity which correspondingly are depicted in movie films that try to emphasize the supernatural powers of superheroes. In fact, the main themes of these films significantly show substantial level of information on the main characters’ way of outlawing violence, and obtaining physical prowess and self-made success. The violence f or instance is a perfect portrayal of an evil act and overcoming it is such a good gesture which is highly commendable by the society. Outlawing of violence requires substantial amount of power, energy and something to that effect in the same way with obtaining physical prowess and self-made success. All these characteristics are viewed to be a â€Å"must possess† by men in a society where there is strong importance given to competitiveness which is one of the indicators of masculinity based on Hofstede’s theory of cultural dimension. This scenario is perfectly portrayed in the fiction â€Å"Cowboy† by Thomas McGuane. â€Å"†¦and they had it positioned by the door of the barn so it’d be convenient for the hired man to stagger out at all hours and fight breech births and scours and any other disorder sent us by cow gods. We had some doozies. One heifer got pregnant and her calf was near as big as she was. Had to reach in with a saw and take it out in pieces† (McGuane 2). This entirely depicts the picture of how the cowboys invest their time in trying to save life and stand on their ground when a need for their strength and time arises. When push comes to shove, they are to maximize their strength, come up with initiative and understand that everything counts within a specified time. This is one of the common scenarios found in ranches by an animal herder such as the cowboys in the story. They also are normally not distracted by various mishaps in life, rather their ultimate vision is about moving on. â€Å"Only mishap was when the manure spreader threw a rock and knocked me senseless and I drove the rig into an irrigation ditch. The old sumbitch never said a word but chained up and pulled us out with his Ford† (2). This scene in the story depicts the remarkable attitude possessed by the old lady’s brother, a cowboy, towards moving on. Without a word, he did what he believed is appropriate and no amount of wo rds for blames was uttered. It depicts how man is expected to prove himself in the midst of situations where what is only required is his physical strength and strong conviction to face certain situation in order to move on. There was no turning back, but the ultimate way is to move forward, go find for solution, look out for the best move and implement it, â€Å"†¦never said a word

Hyatt Regency Hotel Walkaway Collapse Assignment

Hyatt Regency Hotel Walkaway Collapse - Assignment Example When the walkaways reached the floor, they killed 114 people (Lewis, James, Ralston, Norb& Wheatly 2). The accident left 200 people injured (Banset & Parsons 273). The disaster is related to engineering disasters because of a flaw in the connection of the walkways and the support rods. The disaster led to a number of significant changes in engineering practice. For instance, the engineer who authorized its design lost his license. After restoration, the hotel is currently functioning normally. The Hyatt Regency collapse occurred on July 17, 1981 in Missouri (Banset & Parsons 273). The hotel is located in Kansas City. The accident led to the death of 114 people and caused the injuries of 200 others (Banset & Parsons 273). The disaster has been selected for this paper because it was the most tragic structural collapse in American history at that time. During that fateful night, many people had gathered in the atrium to attend the highly publicized tea party. A significant number of peo ple stood on the walkways. When the accident occurred, all the walkways were packed with many patrons. The design of the walkaways contributed to the extent of the disaster. The fourth-floor bridge was suspended over all the subsequent bridges. In addition, the third walkaway was set off a few meters from the other two. Investigations established a flawed design alteration that increased the load on the connection between the support beams of the fourth walk away and the tie rods that were used to carry the weight of the next walk away. The engineers had clearly failed to observe due diligence. For example, the new design could not handle the weight of the structure. In addition, it could not support the weight of the hundreds of spectators that were standing on it. Consequently, the bridge failed and both walkaways ended up crashing into the lobby. The accident led to the death and injury of many people.

Acceleration of falling cones Investigation Essay Example for Free

Acceleration of falling cones Investigation Essay Safety Statement:- To make this investigation safe I will wear sensible shoes, this make sure that I will not fall or trip on the table whilst carrying out the investigation. Prediction:- I predict that the smaller the surface area of the cone the faster it will fall. I know this as the more surface area the cone has the more air resistance there is. I also know this as when I carried out some research on parachutes, I discovered, that the larger the parachute the quicker the forces balanced, making the parachute fall slowly. Also, the smaller the parachute the longer it took for the forces to balance out, making the parachute fall much quicker. When I looked at a person freefalling (standing up) the results were that this also took at long time for the forces to balance out. When I saw the results of a person lying down I could see that the forced balanced out quickly, making the person fall slower. I know that it doesnt matter what weight an object has, it falls at the same acceleration, and lands on the ground at the same time. On the moon a feather and a golf ball were dropped at the same time, they both hit the surface of the moon at the same time. In any atmosphere when there is a gas or a liquid they initially drop at the same acceleration, encountering a drag force; this increases as it goes faster. The drag force increases until it equals the weight force, the forces are then balanced and it cant go any faster. This is called terminal velocity. Equipment:- The equipment that I shall use will be a stopwatch; to make sure that the times are as accurate as possible, a table of which to stand on when dropping the cone, and sensible shoes whilst standing on the table, I will also have a metre rule to measure the 2m distance, from the floor to the bottom of the cone. Method:- In this experiment I will time how long it takes for a cone to fall 2m. Each time I will make the cone slightly smaller, and therefore decreasing the surface area each time. I will then repeat each size three times: taking an average of the three times, of which I will then plot all the points on a graph. This will hopefully prove my prediction correct. The piece of card forming the cone will be moved 20? for each part of the experiment. Variables:- Distance, Surface area, Weight. The variable that I am going to change will be the surface area of the cone. This will help me determine whether or not my prediction is proven correct. Fair Test:- To make this experiment a fair test, I will take an average of the times of the cone falling after repeating the experiment three times. I will also make sure that I move the piece of card forming the cone around 20? each time, making the surface area of the cone decrease in regular intervals. Obtaining:- Results:- Angle (degrees? ) Surface Area (cm) Time (seconds) 1st Time (seconds) 2nd Time (seconds) 3rd Average Time (seconds) Velocity (m/s)nalysis:- My results show that the bigger the surface area of the cone the slower the cone would fall. This was due to the forces balancing out quicker. The smaller the surface area the quicker the cone would fall, it therefore takes longer for the forces to balance out, causing it to have a higher velocity. Looking at the graph above you can see that it did take longer for the cone to fall with a larger surface area. In the graph below you can see that the smaller the surface area the higher the velocity, (the time it took for the cone to fall in metres per second) My results show that my prediction was correct, the smaller the area the faster the cone will fall. The terminal velocity only lasted for a couple of cm, as the forces balanced out quite quickly. Velocity formula Distance = Velocity Time Example:- 2 = 1. 38 1. 45 The larger the area the smaller the velocity, this is because it takes longer for the cone to reach the ground. The larger the area the more air resistance it encounters, this makes it fall slower to the ground. My conclusion for this experiment is that the larger the area the longer it takes for the cone to fall, it therefore has a lower velocity. The smaller the area the quicker the cone falls, it also has a higher velocity. Evaluation:- The investigation I carried out was very good, as the results for each of the experiments that I carried out had almost the same time for each, the average was also very close to the time it took for each of the cones to fall. This data was very reliable. There are not any results that dont fit the pattern in the graphs. To carry out this investigation I had to measure the height of 2 metres of which the cone would be dropped each time. These results were then recorded, and then I took the average of each result, and plotted these points on a graph. If I did this experiment again I would take more results of each area to make the averages even more accurate, and reliable data. As well as having more data if this experiment was done again I would extend the experiment to involve weight. I would then try to prove that the weight of the cone would not affect the velocity and time of the cone falling. This would help me determine whether or not I was right about weight not being a factor of affecting the time and velocity. If I was to do this then this would be my experiment then this would be what I would do:- Prediction:- I predict that the weight would not make an impact on the time it takes for the cone to fall, and its velocity. Equipment:- Plastacine Stopwatch, Metre rule, Piece of card with cone and angles drawn on it. This time the variable I would change would be the weight of the cone. Method:- I would drop the cone with a ball of plastercine in it from a height of 2m. Each time I drop it I would change the weight of the plastercine, repeating this three times each for each different weight, this way I could get an average of the times, making it even more accurate. Acceleration and terminal velocity of falling cones.

Tourism industry of Greece

Tourism industry of Greece INTRODUCTION Greece has enjoyed a reputation as one of the prime tourism destinations in the world during the last two decades. Despite the fact that Greeces tourism sector is set for a couple of difficult years ahead with the global economic downturn and the international fear of the H1N1 virus hitting the industry hard, further threatening the countrys fragile economy, Greece has no option but to remain optimistic about its tourism evolution. Greece continues to be a preferred tourism destination because of its safe, low-crime, tourist-friendly environment. In addition, the successful Olympic Summer Games that Greece hosted in 2004 brought increased optimism regarding the future of the Greek tourism sector. Indeed, since the travel and tourism market affects, directly and indirectly, all sectors of the Greek national economy, the World Travel Tourism Council (WTTC) estimates that the real impact of the industry accounts for 14.5% of Greeces GDP and represents over 16.5% of total employment. This study is divided into four chapters. The first chapter of the project defines tourism and outlines the significance and importance of tourism using material of classic text. Produces different definitions of Tourisms and help us to understand Tourism as an International Phenomenon, as well as the Tourist product itself. We also discuss the political significance, educational significance, cultural significance and economic and social significance of Tourism. The second chapter tries to analyze and appraise the current situation of the Greek tourist industry and in detail produce a statistical analysis which shows the market structure, the types of holidays, the holiday facilities and the different types of tourists in Greece. The third chapter focuses on the prospects and new trends of the Greek Tourist industry and on the different strategic objectives and planning initiatives necessary for a competitive tourist industry. It is a fact that tourism is fundamental to the Greek economy and revenue from the industry helps to offset an otherwise adverse balance of payment because of the absence of heavy and competitive industry and the present and unfortunately long-lasting crisis in the shipping industry. Bearing in mind and despite the ever-changing tourist environment (strong euro, weak British sterling and American dollar) the future of the industry is optimistic and the forecasts favorable but pitfalls are always there. It is also tried to give a picture of the changing face of tourism in Greece, its potential and its future by discussing the alternative forms of Tourism. With the term  «alternative tourism » or  «tourism of specified interests » we define the summation of the completed tourism services, which are characterized by specialized work according to the specific needs and preferences of their customs, apply to a specialized public and count on ecologically permissible and mild activities, while they show off the natural beauties of the landscape without destroying it. Such sort of tourism is the Rural Agrotourism, the Cultural, Ecological Tourism e.t.c The forth chapter discusses a marketing analysis and planning, that focuses on the characteristics of the Greek islands and Greek coastal line, using the information, data and analysis of the previous chapters. Finally the conclusion summarizes the main points of all chapters and outlines the different factors which are very important and which dictate the tourism development in Greece. Tourism development is a very sensitive subject with several uncertainties. In addition, sufficient attention is not always given to the various problems that arise nor to the integration of tourism into the whole economy and society. CHAPTER 1 DEFINITIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF TOURISM INTRODUCTION The first chapter of the project defines tourism and outlines the significance and importance of tourism. Produces different definitions of Tourisms and help us to understand Tourism as an International Phenomenon, as well as the Tourist product itself. We also discuss the political significance, educational significance, cultural significance and economic and social significance of Tourism. Defining Tourism In a project dealing with tourism, it is sensible to begin by defining Tourism, before we go on to examine the different forms which tourism can take and the statistics related to it. In fact, the task of defining tourism is not as easy as it may appear and can be rather confusing and complicated. While it is relatively easy to agree on technical definition of particular categories of tourism or tourist, the wider concept is ill-defined. Firstly, it is important to recognize that tourism is just one form of recreation, along with sports activities, hobbies and all of these are discretionary uses of our leisure time. Tourism usually incurs expenditure, although not necessarily so. A cyclist or a hiker, out for a camping week-end, carrying his own food, may contribute nothing to the tourism revenue of a region. Tourism is further defined as the movement of people away from their normal place of residence. But again, we must specify how far people must be expected to travel before they can be counted as tourists. One of the first attempts to define tourism was that of Professors Hunziker and Krapf of Berue University. They said that tourism should be defined as the sum of phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non ­residents, in so far as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected to any earning activity. This definit ­ion helps to distinguish tourism from migrating, but it makes the assumption that it must necessarily include both travel and stay, thus precluding day tours. The weakness of this definition is that it appears not to include business travel, because it is connected with an income activity, even if that income is not earned in the destination country. In 1937 the League of Nations recommended a definition of tourist as one who travels for a period of 24 hours or more in a country other than that in which he usually resides. This was held to include persons traveling for pleasure, domestic reasons or health, persons traveling to a meeting or on business and persons visiting a country on a cruise level (even if for less than 24 hours). The principle weakness here is that it ignores the movement of domestic tourism. At the United Nations Conference on International Travel and Tourism, held in Rome in 1963 they considered recommendations put forward by the IOUTO (now the World Tourist Organizations) and agreed to the term visitors to describe any person visiting a country other than that in which he has his usual place of residence, for any reason other than following an occupation, remunerated from within the country visited. This definition was to cover two types of visitors. Tourists who are classed as temporary visitors staying at least 24 hours, whose purpose could be classified as leisure (whether for recreation, health, sport, holiday, study or religion) or business, family, mission or meeting; Excursionists, who were classed as temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours, including cruise travelers but excluding travelers in transit. A working party for the proposed Institute of Tourism in Britain (now Tourism Society) attempted to clarify the concept and reported in 1976: Tourism is the temporary short-term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and activities during their stay at these destinations; it includes movement for all purposes, as well as day visits or excursions. This broader definition was reformulated slightly without losing any of its simplicity at the International Conference on Leisure Recreation Tourism, held by the Tourism Society in Cardiff in 1981: Tourism may be defined in terms of particular activities selected by choice and undertaken outside the home environment. Tourism may or may not involve overnight stays away from home. Significance of Tourism Tourism brings together people of different countries and backgrounds, has a political significance, educational significance, cultural significance and economic and social significance. The degree of significance achieved depends on the opportunities offered to tourists to meet freely with nationals of the host countries and the ability to converse in the relevant languages. In the ideal situation, tourism enhances awareness, knowledge and ultimately under ­standing between people of different nationalities. The importance of tourism was underlined by the United Nations resolution that Tourism is a basic and most desirable human activity deserving the praise and encourage ­ment of all people and all governments. In creating a better appreciation of other peoples ways of life and institutions tourism may create goodwill for a country. Each year many tourists travel to participate in particular events ranging from congress to athletic events. Their visits also provide opportunities to improve co-operation as well as to project an image of a country to the outside world. When traveling away from home, tourists come into contact with the places they visit and with the people living there and social exchange takes place. Their presence and their social background affect the social structure and way of life at the destination. Tourists are in turn affected by the experience and often carry back home with them new habits and a new outlook on life. Tourism has an educational significance. In the widest sense it has altogether beneficial effects which bring con ­tact between people of different races and nationalities. In a narrower sense, much tourist activity takes the form of study trips and attendance at courses and conferences with specified educational aims in view. Tourism is often accompanied by cultural exchanges and by cultural enrichment of those who travel as well as those at the receiving end. Cultural factors attract tourists to destinations architecture, historical monuments and birthplaces of famous people- are some places visited by tourists; festivals and exhibitions rely heavily on visitor traffic for their audience and attendance. In bringing together people of different backgrounds from different countries it therefore has a political and social significance. But the manifold significance of tourism does not arise only when people visit other countries. Internal, domestic tourism promotes similar interaction, between people and places to that knowledge and awareness which may enhance understanding. The main economic significance of tourism thus money earned in places of normal residence is spent in places visited is common to all tourism, whether international or domestic. Each year vast sums of money are transferred from the economies in which they are earned, to economies in receiving areas where they provide a source of income, a means of livelihood and amenities for the resident population. The outstanding economic effect of tourism lies in the purchasing power generated in receiving areas through the expenditure of visitors who tend to spend at a much higher rate than when they are at home. The flow of money generated by tourist expend ­iture finds its way into the overall economy of the tourist destination as the money is turned over and re-spent. But international tourist expenditure introduces an additional aspect of economic significance as countries which are separate political and economic entities have to balance their transact ­ions with the rest of the world. International tourism, there ­fore, enters into the balance of payments accounts of individual countries and is of major significance in international trade for countries which generate tourist traffic, it represents an import in much the same way as do the importing of merchandise. For countries receiving tourist traffic, it represents an export in much the same way as do the exports of merchandise. Globally, tourism constitutes a major item in the world which has shown a much faster rate of growth in recent years than world trade in goods. Tourism as a source of employment is particularly important for areas with limited alternative sources of employ ­ment .as is often the case in non-industrial areas like Greece, deficiencies in natural resources other th an diverse and scenic attractions. In addition to being a source of income and employment, tourism is frequently a source of amenity for the resident population of the tourist destination. The provision of income, jobs, and amenities for the resident population may be regarded as the main three beneficial effects of tourism which applies to a greater or lesser extent to any tourist destination. They are of particular significance to developing countries like Greece and to rural regions of the country. In comparison with other forms of economic development an improvement in living standards may be generated through tourism and its expenditure relatively quickly. No sophisticated technology is required to establish the basic facilities. As much of the industry is labour-intensive, tourism can absorb unemployed labour resources, which is particularly valuable in areas with surplus unskilled labour. Many operational skills are relatively simple and can be rapidly developed by inhabitants. To say this, is not to minimize the amount and quality of planning required to establish a tourist industry in a new area but to indicate some of the advantages and attractions it may have as compared with other types of developments. The challenge is clear for a region to decide: Whether it wishes to become a tourist destination. How to maximize the economic and other advantages of tourism. How to manage the problems and changes from the growth and development of tourism. CHAPTER 2 GREEK TOURISM ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION The second chapter tries to analyze and appraise the current situation of the Greek tourist industry and in detail produce a statistical analysis which shows the market structure, the types of holidays, the holiday facilities and the different types of tourists in Greece. The statistical data that will be collected from the different sources is going to be analyzed in order to specify the characteristics of Greek tourism, and the preferences and particulars of the tourists. Further on in the project this data will be used in order to conduct a development plan for the Greek s tourism and a marketing analysis. Special attention will be given to the islands and coastal areas of Greece. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN GREECE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS In Greece the Tourism development started after the end of the Second World War. The tourism arrivals from 210.000 in 1956 were increased to 8.351.000 in 1988 and to 18,754,593 in 2007. The 85% of the tourism movement takes place on May-October while the full months, when the 50% of the tourists visits our country, are July, August and September which demonstrates intensively the seasonal characteristic of tourism in Greece. The specific data concern mainly coast areas and islands, which either are specialized in foreign tourism and possess big hotel units, or are specialized in local tourism, mainly under the form of summer residence. The visitors in Greece come mainly from Europe and especially, from countries of the European Union (Germans and British) and, in a smaller percentage, from N.America. Thus, we notice the dependence on the international tourism in our country. The main tourism destinations are: Rhodes, Corfu, Crete, Calchidiki, Mikonos and Santorini as well as Attica ( Athens) however lately there is a series of other smaller destinations. The large number of islands, the archaeological and historical sites in combination with the excellent weather conditions, constitutes some of the most important elements of Greek tourism, which have played a significant role in the countrys effort to attract more international tourists and establish Greece as a country unique in welcoming and providing hospitality services to them. However, all the elements of tourism mentioned above combined with establishments, infrastructure and an ideal picture of tourism in the country have certain vulnerable points, which should be attributed to the uncontrolled, unscheduled and sometimes anarchic tourism development of the country dating back to the 70s and early 80s. Despite all problems, however, tourism has managed to put Greece in the list of those host countries, which attract the greatest numbers of international tourists and receive the largest revenue from tourism while its contribution to the gross national product is approximately between and 10%, and to the domestic product approximately 14%. ECONOMIC AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF THE GREEK ISLANDS AND COASTAL AREAS Geographically, the numerous Greek islands have their own particular characteristics. It would be no exaggeration to support the view that insular Greece has a Polynesian character, since 20% of its ground consists of big, medium and small, developed or underdeveloped, inhabited or uninhabited islands. Greece has 227 inhabited islands in all, 164 of which are in the Aegean Sea. According to the official census of the National Statistical Organization of Greece, in 1991 only 78 of these islands were inhabited by more than 100 people and 1600 Km coastal line. Despite the fact that there has recently been a growing concern about the economic development and modernization of the countrys regions, it cannot be supported that considerable accomplishments have been made toward that direction. Especially as concerns the islands, it should be pointed out that the effort for their economic development and growth has always focused on tourism, mainly due to an inability to expand present economic activities or develop new ones. The Greek islands of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian Sea and the coastal line areas have undoubtedly set quite significant tourism goals and are greatly attractive to tourists. The tourism development on those areas is of two kinds, there are those , such as Crete, Rhodes, Chalkidiki and Corfu, which seek to attract tourists, package tour buyers, and others which seek to attract individual tourists, non package tour buyers, travelling usually from one island to the next, from one place to an other. There are Greek islands, which have achieved both economic and tourism development faster than others. Most of them are part of an insular complex and, naturally, income per capita and therefore the standard of living of the inhabitants is higher compared to other islands. Generally speaking, tourism in most Greek islands is a developing economic activity, and those involved directly or indirectly in the production and promotion of tourism goods and services, i.e. tourism demand, take advantage of it. However, apart from tourism, certain islands have developed other economic activities equally well. That means tourism on those islands has not been developed unilaterally against other economic activities, but in a balanced and harmonious way. Undoubtedly most of the Greek islands should develop new economic activities wherever possible, as well as alternative forms of tourism, which can contribute to strengthening their economies and generally to a further economic development and evolution. Those islands, however, which have a limited economic activity and no possibility of development or expansion, should focus on a tourism development within their limits. To achieve this, however, certain prerequisites will have to be set. In other words, what they need is the necessary tourism infrastructure and superstructure, and then they will have to choose the right alternative form of tourism development. GREEK TOURISM STATISTICAL DATA ANALYSIS General Tourism Characteristics analysis Entry Points analysis The statistical data by G.N.T.O (Greek National Tourist Organization) was carried out at the Greek airports (Athens, zakynthos, Iraklio, Thessalonica, Kavala, Kerkyra, Kefallinia, Kos, Mykonos, Rodos, Samos, Thira, Skiathos, Chania, Other Places), the Greek seaport (Elefsina, Igoumenitsa, Iraklio, Thessaloniki, Kerkyra, Patra, Rodos, Pireas, Other Places), the road crossing points (Doirani Kilkis, Evzoni- Kilkis, Kakavia -Ioannina, Kastaneae -Evros, Kipi- Evros, Krystallopogi Florina, Niki- Florina, Ormenio Evros, Promachon- Serres, Sagiada Thesprotia) and the train stations(Dikea Evros, Idomeni- Kilkis, Promachon- Serres, Pythio- Evros) . In this way, the survey covered all those tourist who came to the country by air, by sea, by train and by road. Of the total tourist in 20007 68,51% (in 2006 71.76%) came by plane, 24,86% (in 2006 21,45) by road, 6,09 (in 2006 6,30) by boat and the remaining 0,54% (in 2006 0,49) by train. The airports of Athens and Iraklion showed the greatest amount of traffic (22,10% and 11,91% respectively). Next in order of magnitude were Rhodes (7,91%) and Corfu (4,79%). Foreign tourists by nationality and country of permanent residence analysis Arrivals from Europe, which holds the biggest share of the tourist market (92.7%), showed an increase by 9.9% in comparison with 2006. Arrivals from the European Union increased by 20%. This growth arises from the fact that the total of the European Union includes for 2007, the two member states, Bulgaria and Romania. The majority of foreigners, who are EU citizens, like 2006, came from the UK (15%), Germany (12.9%) and Italy (6.6%). In comparison with the previous year and taking into account the share they hold in the total arrivals, the highest increase is presented in the two members, Bulgaria (62.4%) and Romania (83.1%). Concerning the other European Union countries, there are some minor changes in Germany and UK, a remarkable increase by 5.9% in Netherlands and a reduction by 2.6% in Italy. In the other continents there is a significant increase in the countries of America (12.9%) and remarkable reductions in Asia (-6.1%), Africa (-9.3%) and Oceania (-6.1%). Purpose of visits (Principal reason) analysis Holidays, business or visiting friends and/or relatives are the main factors which decisively influence the decision of travel. The survey data suggests that 83% of tourists came to Greece just for holidays. With regard to the nationality of those who declared holiday the data attributed the highest percentage to the Norwegians (92%) followed by the Austrians (91%), the Swiss and the British (89%), the Dutch (83%) and so on. Business as an exclusive reason for visiting Greece accounted for only 7%-of all respondents. Visiting relatives or a combination of holidays and visiting relatives were reasons cited mostly by Americans, (8%) and Australians (7%) and more specifically persons of Greek origin who come to spend their holiday and at the same time visiting their relatives. Type of accommodation analysis The survey showed that 63% of all tourists stayed in hotel-type accommodation (this included apartments). 29% in villas, rented rooms and campsites, 4% with friends and relatives and the remaining 3% in other places (ship, under the stars, etc. etc,) and 1% were transit passengers. Foreigners preferences with regard to class of hotel showed 33% opting for luxury (five star and ? class hotels), approximately 30% for intermediate class hotels and the remainder for lower class hotels. In terms of nationality, 58% of the British stayed in hotels and the rest in villas, rented rooms and campsites. Of the British who stayed in hotels, 32% chose luxury and A class hotels and 26% chose intermediate class hotels. A significant percentage 13%) stayed in furnished apartments while 10% plumped for villa and country houses. Average duration of stay analysis In calculating the length of stay in Greece we took into consideration the tourists dates of arrivals and departures. An analysis of the relevant data showed that the largest percentage of tourists (35%) stayed in Greece for between 11 and 14 days, whereas 18% stayed for 15 to 21 days, 36% for less than 10 days and the remaining 11% for more than 22 days. From this distribution we calculated that the average length of stay in each phase of the survey was I4 days. The average duration of stay has risen by approximately 1.5 days over the last 6 years. This is because over this time period the number of tourists arriving on charter flights has increased and most of them stay for more than 13 days. The length of stay varied according to nationality, thus 53% of British, 48 of Norwegians, 47% of Swiss and 38% of Germans stayed in Greece for approximately 2 weeks. Average expenditure per person in â‚ ¬ analysis During his stay in Greece, according to statistics from the Bank of Greece, each foreigner spends an average of 74,3â‚ ¬ per day and 847,3â‚ ¬ per stay. It is interesting to look at the average daily expend ­iture by nationality. Below, I present the percentage of the various nationalities per category of average daily expenditure and expenditure per stay. TOURISTS CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS Sex and age analysis The distribution by gender of the surveys respondents showed 9% imbalance in favors of the men. Thus, out of the total number of respondents, 54 ·5% were male and 45.5% female. The distribution by age statistics shows the 16-25 and the 26-40 age brackets predominating with 32% and 38% respectively. The distribution by gender and age produced a different picture, 41% of male respondents were in the 26-40 age bracket, whereas 30% were aged 41 to 65. Conversely, 33% of women were between 16 and 25 years of age, while 36% were between 26 and 40 years. Male tourists from the following- countries outnumbered their distaff compatriots by the following ratios: Yugoslavs: 77.3 : 32.7 Dutch: 57 ·3 : 42.7 Austrians: 57.2 : 42.8 Italians: 55-3 : 46.6 British : 55.1 : 44 ·9 Germany: 55.1 : 44.9 Occupational Grouping analysis In the analysis of the occupation groupings, use was made of the international double digit coding system to identify particular types of occupations. More specifically, the following occupational groupings were used: Groups Occupation 0 Engineers, Chemists, Teachers, Agronomists, Doctors, Lawyers, Economists,  ·Accountants, Journalists, Artist (Commercial, applied and fine arts). 1 Managers and Senior Cadres (In public authority organizations and businesses). 2 Office employees (In the Civil Service organizations and businesses) . 3 Traders and sales people. 4 Students 5 Unspecified professions. 6 Those engaged in the communications sectors (Seamen, Airline personnel, road and rail transport workers, Post Office and telephone workers, etc., etc.) 7 Craftsmen (and blue collar workers). 8 Those employed in the service industries (Barbers, photographers, hotel staff, etc.) 9 Other unclassifiable occupations (Armed Forces, etc) 37% of the British tourists fall into Group ? (Engineers and professionals) and 14% into Group 4 (Students). This means that more than half of the total number of tourists visiting Greece belongs to the occupational grouping with an above-average level of culture. Group 2 members (Office employees) also accounted for a significant part (14%) of all tourists. The remaining occupational groupings represented 35% of the total and their distribution was virtually uniform. Tourist preferences by occupation and type and class of accommodation analysis The results of the survey showed 37% of the managerial class stayed in four star hotels, whereas 21% stayed in five star hotels. Students, not unexpectedly, showed a marked preference (39%) for pensions, hostels, boarding houses, rented rooms and campsites. A Class hotels absorbed 33% of those respondents who did not specify professions (groups) and 28% of trade and sales people. 34% of office staff, craftsmen and laborers stayed in intermediate class accommodation, whereas the respective figure for those in the engineering sector, the professional and the Civil Service was 31%. Of the self-employed, 7% stayed with friends and relatives, while 5% of those engaged in the transport and accommodation industry stayed in other forms of lodging (ships, etc.) Cost of stay analysis More than half (55%) of all the tourists polled come to Greece on a packaged holiday. 66% of the British asked to comment on the cost of their stay in Greece found it reasonable and within their budget, 25% thought it low (cheap) and only 5% found it high (expensive). Reasons for choosing Greece as a holiday destination analysis The climate and the classical sights were the principal reasons (75%) given by British queried for choosing Greece for a holiday. Publicity media and other factors influencing tourists choice of Greece on their first visit analysis An analysis of the data shows that 32% of the tourists visiting Greece for the first time acquired information on .the country from friends and relatives. This conclusion is particularly significant as it shows that a large proportion of first-time visitors to Greece go home satisfied and recommend Greece as an ideal holiday destination to their friends and relatives. The second most important source of information was travel agents, who influenced 40% of the British. Publicity (Newspapers, magazines, radio, Internet etc.) acquainted 49% of all British with Greece, other sources (Posters, books etc.) accounted for 7% · Finally, 17% had heard about Greece from more than one source (e.g., friends, internet and media). Places visited and stayed at analysis The statistics say, 33% stayed in the greater Athens area, (Athens, Piraeus, Attica coasts, Saronic Gulf Island). Other main areas of preference were Rhodes (25%), Crete (21%) the Peloponnesian and Ionian Islands (Corfu excepted) 17%. The Cyclades 14% and Corfu 14%. The favorite destinations of the British continues to be Corfu (40%) followed by Rhodes (26%), Crete (19%) and the Athens region (15%). Tourist Mobility within Greece analysis As regards tourist mobility during the period of the survey, the following was observed: Every tourist polled on average visited and stayed in 1.5 places. More specifically 66% of the tourists visited and stayed in only one area, 19% stayed in two and the remaining 15% in three and more than three areas. In terms of nationality, 87% of the British stayed in one area. This virtual immobility on the part of the British is due to the fact that as the majority of British holiday makers come to Greece on organized charter flights, they do not stay far from their resort area. Following the British in the immobility stakes are the Japanese (85%) the Norwegians and the Swedes (84%), the Yugoslavs (77%) and the Austrians with (72%). Finally, more than one area was visited by the Spaniards (72%), the Canadians (70%), the Americans (64%), the French (62%